dr. Miroslav Novak
Pokrajinski arhiv Maribor, Slovenija / Regional Archives Maribor, Slovenia
mag. Mitja Sadek
Zgodovinski arhiv Ljubljana, Slovenija / Historical Archives Ljubljana, Slovenia
Digit(al)izacija: reševanje terminoloških izzivov po metodi pro et contra
Digit(al)ization: Solving the Terminology Challenge Pro et Contra
(Moderna arhivistika 2024, 7 (2), str/pp. 84-104
https://doi.org/10.54356/MA/2024/LQAZ8156
Citiranje:
Novak, M., & Sadek, M. (2024). Digit(al)izacija: reševanje terminoloških izzivov po metodi pro et contra. In Moderna arhivistika: Vol. 2024 (7) (Issue 2, pp. 84–104). Pokrajinski arhiv Maribor. https://doi.org/10.54356/ma/2024/lqaz8156
Izvleček:
Namen: osnovni namen prispevka je opozoriti na problem slovenske arhivske terminologije, ki prevzema nove arhivske strokovne pojme iz angleškega jezika s komplementarnih področij informacijske tehnologije. Ti opredeljujejo vsebine s področja upravljanja z dokumentacijo, materialnega varstva, varnosti in informacijske podpore arhivskim strokovnim postopkom.
Metoda/pristop: v prispevku je bilo uporabljenih več raziskovalnih metod. Za potrebe oblikovanja uvoda in zaključnih spoznanj so bile uporabljene naslednje metode: opisna ali deskriptivna metoda, študija primerov, študija fizičnih in elektronskih virov, statistična metoda za potrebe ugotavljanja kardinalnih vrednosti, izkustvena metoda ter metoda analize in metoda povzemanja ter ne nazadnje primerjalna metoda. Osrednja metoda pri študiju primera pa je uporabljena metoda »pro et contra«. Z njeno uporabo skušata avtorja ugotoviti, v kolikšni meri, na katerem področju in v katerem primeru je dolgoročno vzdržno pri terminoloških rešitvah uveljavljati osnovno kodifikacijo arhivskih strokovnih pojmov in v katerih primerih je dobro pustiti razvoj in uporabo terminoloških rešitev t. i. naravnemu razvoju.
Rezultati: na primeru pojmov digitalizacija in digitizacija avtorja ugotavljata, da ima izraz digitalizacija v skladu s Slovarjem slovenskega knjižnega jezika dvojni pomen – pretvorba podatkov/ informacij v digitalno obliko in uvajanje tehnologije, ki temelji na taki pretvorbi. Razlaga temelji na splošni rabi termina, ki je v slovenščini ustaljena tako v govorni kot pisni rabi. Od nekaterih posameznikov in ustanov, ki se z digitalizacijo večinoma ukvarjajo profesionalno, pa prihajajo pobude, da bi zgoraj omenjeno dvojno vsebino pojma digitalizacija po vzoru angleščine opredelili z dvema različnima terminoma. Takšni predlogi zahtevajo distinkcijo med digitizacijo (pretvorba podatkov v digitalno obliko - angl. digitisation) in digitalizacijo (uvajanje digitalne tehnologije v poslovne procese - angl. digitalisation). V prispevku oba avtorja po metodi pro et contra prikažeta različna pogleda na isti terminološki izziv, ki ga pred nas postavlja dosedanja uporaba termina digitalizacija in predlog uvedbe novega izraza digitizacija. Med drugim odgovarjata na vprašanja, ali pojem digitalizacija ustreza in zadostuje vsem potrebam njegove splošne in strokovne rabe, ali bi bila uvedba novega termina za digitalno pretvorbo oziroma konkretno termina digitizacija vsebinsko upravičena in tudi jezikovno ustrezna ter kakšne so v zvezi s tem nevarnosti, pomisleki in rešitve - zlasti v kontekstu slovenske arhivistike oziroma arhivistike nasploh.
Sklepi/ugotovitve: pred nami sta dve možni poti tako na področju splošne kot na področju strokovne rabe terminov digitalizacija in digitizacija. Kar se tiče splošne rabe, smo lahko na podlagi dejstva, da se slovenska jezikovna politika zavestno odmika od prevzemanja normativne vloge, prepričani, da bo o tem, katere besede bodo v jeziku zaživele in preživele, v končni fazi odločala zgolj raba. Glede strokovne rabe teh terminov, tudi v slovenski arhivistiki, pa gotovo ne bi bilo modro, da ne naredimo nič in ta problem prepustimo inerciji. Slovenska arhivska stroka se bo morala do tega terminološkega izziva kot do vseh ostalih tovrstnih vprašanj čim prej jasno opredeliti, saj je dejstvo, da brez enotnega strokovnega izrazoslovja ne more obstajati nobena znanost.
Ključne besede:
arhivska terminologija, digitalizacija, digitizacija, metoda pro et contra
Abstract:
Digit(al)ization: Solving the Terminology Challenge Pro et Contra
Purpose: The basic purpose of the paper is to draw attention to the problem of Slovenian archival professional terminology, which adopts new archival professional terms from the English language with complementary areas of information technology. These define contents in the field of documentation management, material protection, security and information support for archival professional procedures.
Method / approach: Several research methods were used in the paper. The following methods were used to create the introduction and concluding remarks: descriptive or descriptive method, case study, study of physical and electronic resources, statistical method for determining cardinal values, experiential method, analysis method and summary method, and last but not least, comparative method. The central method used in the case study is the "pro et contra" method. By using it, the authors try to determine to what extent, in which field and in which case it is sustainable in the long term to enforce the basic codification of archival professional terms in terms of terminological solutions and in which cases it is good to leave the development and use of terminological solutions to the so-called natural development.
Results: According to the Dictionary of Standard Slovenian, the term »digitalizacija« has a dual meaning: the conversion of data/information into digital form and the introduction of technology based on such conversion. The interpretation is based on the common usage of the term, which is established in Slovene both in spoken and written usage. However, there are initiatives from some individuals and institutions, mostly professionally involved in digitisation, to define the above-mentioned dual content of the term digitisation in two different terms, following the example of English. Such proposals call for a distinction to be made between "digitizacija" (the conversion of data into digital form - an. digitisation) and "digitalizacija"(the introduction of digital technology into business processes - an. digitalisation).
In this paper, the two authors use the pro et contra method to present different perspectives on the same terminological challenge posed by the current use and the proposal to introduce the new term. Among other things, they answer the questions of whether the term "digitalizacija" in Slovene is appropriate and sufficient for all the needs of its general and professional use, whether the introduction of a new term for digital conversion, or more specifically the term "digitizacija", would be both linguistically and conceptually appropriate, and what the risks, concerns and solutions are in this respect - especially in the context of Slovenian archival science or archival science in general.
Conclusions / Findings: Two possible paths lie ahead, both in the general and in the professional use of the terms digitisation and digitalisation. As far as general usage is concerned, the fact that Slovenian language policy is consciously moving away from taking on a normative role leads us to believe that it will ultimately be usage alone that will determine which words will survive and thrive in the language. As far as the professional use of these terms is concerned, including in Slovenian archival science, it would certainly not be wise to do nothing and leave the problem to inertia. The Slovenian archival profession will have to come to a clear decision on this terminological challenge, as on all other such issues, as soon as possible, because it is a fact that no science can exist without a common professional terminology.
Key words:
archival terminology, digitalisation, digitisation, method pro et contra
